Comparative Adjectives

What Are Comparative Adjectives?

Comparative adjectives are used to compare two people, animals, things, or groups.
They show how one thing is more or less than the other in some way.

Apa Itu Comparative Adjectives?

Comparative adjectives (kata sifat tingkat perbandingan) digunakan untuk membandingkan dua orang, benda, hewan, atau tempat. Tujuannya adalah untuk menunjukkan bahwa satu hal lebih atau kurang dibandingkan yang lain.

Example:
  • John is taller than Mike. (John lebih tinggi dari Mike)
This compares John and Mike using the adjective tall.
(Ini membandingkan John dan Mike mengginakan kata sifat tinggi.)

1. Short adjectives (1 syllable or 2 syllables ending in –y):

1. Kata sifat pendek (1 suku kata atau 2 suku kata berakhiran -y)

➡️ Add -er + than

Adjective
Comparative
Examples
----------- ----------- ------------------------
small smaller   My house is smaller than yours.  
fast faster A cheetah is faster than a lion.
easy easier This test is easier than the last one.
happy happier She's happier than yesterday.
Rumahku lebih kecil dari rumahmu.
Seekor cheetah lebih cepat dari singa.
Ujian ini lebih mudah dari yang sebelumnya.
Dia lebih bahagia dari kemarin.

Spelling rules:
  • If the word ends in -y, change the "y" to "i": happy → happier
  • If the word ends in CVC (consonant-vowel-consonant), double the last consonant:
  • big → bigger, hot → hotter

  • Jika kata berakhiran -y ubah "y" menjadi "i": happy → happier
  • Jika kata berakhiran CVC (konsonan-vokal-konsonan), gandakan konsonan terakhir
  • big → bigger, hot → hotter

Common CVC Adjectives


Base Adjective
Comparative
Superlative
----------- ----------- ----------------------
big bigger biggest
hot hotter hottest
thin thinner thinnest
fat fatter fattest
sad sadder saddest
wet wetter wettest
mad madder maddest
red redder reddest
dim dimmer dimmest
flat flatter flattest
slim slimmer slimmest
fit fitter fittest
tan tanner tannest
thin thinner thinnest
bad worse* worst*
fun funner* / more fun funnest* / most fun
grim grimmer grimmest
snug snugger snuggest


2. Long adjectives (2+ syllables):

➡️ Use more or less + adjective + than

Adjective
Comparative
Examples
----------- ----------- -----------------------
beautiful more beautiful My house is smaller than yours.
expensive more expensive A cheetah is faster than a lion.
difficult more difficult This test is easier than the last one.

List of Long Adjectives (2 Syllables or More)

Appearance / Descriptions
Adjective
Arti
---------------------- ----------------------
attractive menarik
beautiful cantik
fashionable modis
impressive mengesankan
luxurious mewah
magnificent luar biasa / megah
adorable menggemaskan
charming memesona

Personality / Behavior
Adjective
Arti
---------------------- ----------------------
intelligent cerdas
responsible bertanggung jawab
ambitious ambisius
confident percaya diri
creative kreatif
generous dermawan
respectful sopan, menghormati
patient sabar

Feelings / Emotions
Adjective
Arti
---------------------- ----------------------
emotional emosional
depressed depresi
uncomfortable tidak nyaman
disappointed kecewa
satisfied puas
embarrassed malu
excited bersemangat

Difficulty / Quality
Adjective
Arti
---------------------- ----------------------
difficult sulit
complicated rumit
confusing membingungkan
effective efektif
inefficient tidak efisien
inconsistent tidak konsisten
unreliable tidak bisa dipercaya

Size / Time / Quantity
Adjective
Arti
---------------------- ----------------------
expensive mahal
affordable terjangkau
crowded ramai, padat
available tersedia
acceptable bisa diterima
impossible mustahil
predictable bisa diprediksi

Technology / Abstract
Adjective
Arti
---------------------- ----------------------
innovative inovatif
functional fungsional
reliable andal
complicated rumit
valuable berharga
interactive interaktif
practical praktis



1. good → better → best
  • Comparative: This pizza tastes better than the one we had yesterday.
  • Superlative: This is the best pizza I’ve ever eaten.

Pizza ini rasanya lebih enak daripada yang kita makan kemarin.
Ini pizza terenak yang pernah saya makan. 

2. bad → worse → worst
  • Comparative: Her handwriting is worse than mine.
  • Superlative: That was the worst movie I’ve ever seen.

Tulisan tangannya lebih buruk daripada tulisan saya.
Itu film terburuk yang pernah saya tonton.

3. far → farther/further → farthest/furthest
  • Comparative (distance): Jakarta is farther from Bali than Surabaya is.
  • Comparative (abstract): We need to look further into this problem.
  • Superlative: Mount Everest is the farthest place I’ve traveled to.
 
Jakarta lebih jauh dari Bali daripada Surabaya.
(abstrak): Kita perlu menyelidiki masalah ini lebih jauh.
Gunung Everest adalah tempat terjauh yang pernah saya kunjungi.

4. much/many → more → most
  • Comparative (uncountable): You have more patience than me.
  • Comparative (countable): She has more friends than her brother.
  • Superlative: This shop has the most customers in the area.

Kamu lebih sabar daripada aku.
Dia punya lebih banyak teman daripada saudara laki-lakinya.
Toko ini punya pelanggan terbanyak di daerah ini.

5. little (amount) → less → least
  • Comparative: We have less sugar than we need.
  • Superlative: This solution requires the least effort.

Kita punya gula lebih sedikit daripada yang kita butuhkan.
Solusi ini membutuhkan usaha paling sedikit.

6. few (number) → fewer → fewest
  • Comparative: There are fewer cars on the road today.
  • Superlative: This street has the fewest houses in the neighborhood.

Ada lebih sedikit mobil di jalan hari ini.
Jalan ini memiliki rumah paling sedikit di lingkungan ini.

7. well (adverb & health) → better → best
  • Comparative: I feel better today than I did yesterday.
  • Superlative: She sings the best of all the contestants.

 Saya merasa lebih baik hari ini daripada kemarin.
Dia bernyanyi paling baik dari semua kontestan.

8. ill (British English) → worse → worst
  • Comparative: He is feeling worse than he did last night.
  • Superlative: That flu was the worst illness I’ve had in years.

Dia merasa lebih buruk daripada tadi malam.
Flu itu adalah penyakit terburuk yang pernah saya derita selama bertahun-tahun.


      

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